A-Kliinika and other "experts"

I asked the following questions:
http://weeklyworldnews.com/headlines/24307/alcohol-worse-than-heroin/



LONDON -  A new study shows that, in Britain,  alcohol use causes more harm than heroin and/or crack.

Alcohol is the most dangerous drug in England by a large margin, beating heroin and crack cocaine into second and third place, according to an authoritative study published today which will reopen calls for England’s drug classification system to be scrapped and a concerted campaign launched against beer, wine and hard liquor.

The study examined nine categories of harm that drugs can do to the individual “from death to damage to mental functioning and loss of relationships” and seven types of harm to others. The maximum possible harm score was 100 and the minimum zero.

Overall, alcohol scored 72 – against 55 for heroin and 54 for crack. The most dangerous drugs to their individual users were ranked as heroin, crack and then crystal meth. The most harmful to others were alcohol, heroin and crack in that order.

For overall harm, the other drugs examined ranked as follows: crystal meth (33), cocaine (27), tobacco (26), amphetamine/speed (23), cannabis (20), GHB (18), benzodiazepines (15), ketamine (15), methadone (13), butane (10), qat (9), ecstasy (9), anabolic steroids (9), LSD (7), buprenorphine (6) and magic mushrooms (5).

Dn Shenker, the chief executive of Alcohol Concern in London, said : “What this study and new classification shows is that successive governments have mistakenly focused attention on illicit drugs, whereas the pervading harms from alcohol should have given a far higher priority. Drug misusers are still ten times more likely to receive support for their addiction than alcohol misusers, costing the taxpayer billions in repeat hospital admissions and alcohol related crime. Alcohol misuse has been exacerbated in recent years as government failed to accept the link between cheap prices, higher consumption and resultant harms to individuals and society.”

The Obama Administration quickly reacted to the study and is putting together a bill for Congress banning alcohol in all 50 states.  “We need to take good care of our citizens,”  said Robert Gibbs, the White House Press Secretary, “and if they we can’t let them drink alcohol anymore.  It’s just too dangerous.”

The White House hopes that the new Prohibition Law will pass swiftly through Congress and be the law of the land by New Year’s Eve.

“We have been fighting a war on drugs for over three decades and we’ve never listed alcohol as an enemy in that war,” said David Axelrod, Senior Adviser to the President.  “Alcohol is now public enemy number 1!”

Even though the Administration wants to ban alcohol, they are supporting California’s Prop 19, which will legalize marijuana in the Golden State.

“Pot is good for you, alcohol will kill you,” said Valerie Jarrett, White House senior adviser.  “We will no longer be serving alcohol and White House state dinners, but there will be plenty of Afghan Train and Thai Sticks at the event. “

Say no to alcohol, say YES to pot!
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I think Obama banning alcohol is just a joke.
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The guidelines are general guidelines applying to a 'typical' person
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recommended_maximum_intake_of_alcoholic_beverages
Weekly maximum drinks

    Denmark: 252g[13]
    Finland: 15 units (@11g = 165g/week)[13]
    Ireland: 21 units (@10g = 210g/week)

People taking medications or other drugs, if contraindicated , p12) "Numerous classes of prescription medications can interact with alcohol, including antibiotics, antidepressants, antihistamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, histamine H2 receptor antagonists, muscle relaxants, nonnarcotic pain medications and anti-inflammatory agents, opioids, and warfarin. In addition, many over-the-counter and herbal medications can cause negative effects when taken with alcohol." Others include analgesics, aspirin, insulin, and oral contraceptives. "The list of medications that may interact with alcohol is so long that you should always consult a pharmacist or physician before drinking while using any medicine."
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One bottle of vine per week = 0,7 liter 11% alcohol = 77 g alcohol
I thinking "maximum" means taking more than the "maximum " will cause you harm.

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http://www.drinkingandyou.com/site/uk/biggy.htm

Sensible Drinking
Worldwide Recommendations on Alcohol Consumption
COUNTRY
AUTHORITY
standard unit
MEN
WOMEN
advice
max g/day
max g/wk
advice
max g/day
max g/wk
AUSTRALIA National Health and Medical Research Council
10g
for a healthy man, four standard drinks per day with two alcohol-free days per week is regarded as low risk
40
  for a healthy woman, two standard drinks per day with two alcohol-free days per week is regarded as low risk
20
 
AUSTRIA Bundesministerium für Gesundheit und Konsumentenschutz see right
 
Standard drinks per week
Definition
Men
Women
Low risk
up to 21
up to 14
Moderate risk
21-50
15-35
High risk
over 50
over 35

Trinkeinheiten - standard drinks - are defined as 125ml of wine; 300ml of beer; or 20ml of spirits. This equates to approximately 12g of beer or wine; or 6g of spirits.

CANADA Committee of Health and Welfare
13.5g*
no more than seven drinks per week  
94.5*
no more than seven drinks per week  
94.5*
  Addiction Research Foundation (endorsed by Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Canadian Medical Association and others)
13.6g
 
Amount of alcohol per week
Definition
standard drinks per week
as g of pure alcohol
Low risk
1-14
182
Moderate risk
15-34
195-442
High risk
35+
455

"As a general guideline, persons should not drink more than two standard drinks in any day". A standard drink is defined as 12 ounces of beer; 5 ounces of wine; or 1.5 ounces of spirits

CZECH REPUBLIC National Institute of Public Health
none
0-24g of alcohol per day is "comparatively safe"
24
  0-16g of alcohol per day is "comparatively safe"
16
 
The recommendations are for adults over 18, without any disease which "could deteriorate because of alcohol (e.g. epilepsy)," not engaged in risky behaviours and not taking medicines interacting with alcohol
DENMARK Sundhedsstyrelsen
12g
no more than 21 drinks per week
252
no more than 14 drinks per week  
168
Advises: "Skip the drinks on every day/Save them for weekends or special days!"
FINLAND Oy Alko AB
11g
no more than 15 drinks per week
161
no more than 10 drinks per week  
110
FRANCE Academy of Medicine
12g
maximum of 5 drinks per day
60
  maximum of 3 drinks per day
36
 
GERMANY No official guidelines              
HUNGARY   
17g
           
ICELAND  
9.5g
           
IRELAND An Roinn Slainte (Department of Health)
8g
Three units per day
24
  Two units per day
16
 
Advises: "Less Is Better" (1996)
ISRAEL Ministry of Health
none
"no advice in relation to sensible levels of drinking"
ITALY Ministero della Sanità/Società Italiana di Nutrizione Umana
10g
40g per day, but 30g for elderly men, which must not exceed 10% of the caloric intake
40
  30g per day, but 25g for elderly women, which must not exceed 10% of the caloric intake
30
 
The Ministero della Sanità publishes guidance tables as part of LARN (National Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intake Levels).
The tables give alcohol consumption limits for a range of body weights in men and women and and for wine at 10%, 11% and 12% abv, and for spirits (superalcoholico) plus 11% abv wine.
JAPAN Ministry of Health and Welfare
19.75g
two drinks (go's) of sake per day at the most
39.5
       
NETHERLANDS Ministrie van Welzijn, Volksgezondheid en Cultuur
9.9g
The Dutch government adheres to the advice of the World Health Organisation that 'less is better' and suggests ["two or three units a few times a week"]
NEW ZEALAND Alcohol Advisory Council of New Zealand (ALAC)
10g
no more than 21 standard drinks per week and no more than six on any one occasion  
210
no more than 14 standard drinks per week and no more than four on any one occasion  
140
PORTUGAL Conselho Nacional de Alimentacao e Nutricao (CNAN)
14g*
Wine only. Estimates based on 150ml serving. (source: ARISE)
37.3
261.1
 
18.6
130.6
ROMANIA Health Ministry   up to 32.5g as beer or 20.7g as wine per day
20.7-32.5
  up to 17.3g as beer or 10.8g as wine per day
10.8-17.3
 
SPAIN INESIBA
10g*
40-44g per day
40-44
  40-44g per day
40-44
 
Ministry of Health & Consumption
10g*
30g per day
30
  20g per day
20
 
moderate drinking is considered to be 100-420g of alcohol per week
Basque Country Department of Health & Social Security   maximum of 1g per Kg of body weight per day
701
  maximum of 0.5g per Kg of body weight per day
282
 
Catalonia Central Authority
8-10g
advises not exceeding 40-50g per day
SWEDEN Systembolaget

 
Amount of alcohol per week
 
Men
Women
Definition
as 40% spirits
as ml pure alcohol
as g of pure alcohol
as 40% spirits
as ml pure alcohol
as g of pure alcohol
Not dangerous
up to 15cla
60
47
up to 12clb
48
38
Low risk
up to 40cl
160
126
up to 30cl
120
95
Intermediate risk
up to 75cl
300
237
up to 55cl
220
174
High risk
up to 125cl
500
395
up to 95cl
380
300
Very high risk
over 125cl
over 500
over 395
over 95cl
over 380
over 300

Notes: a - or 5 bottles of beer, or two thirds of a bottle of wine b - or 4 bottles of beer or half a bottle of wine

UNITED KINGDOM Department of Health
8g
"Maximum health advantage" for men over 40 lies between one and two units a day
8-16g
advice on weekly consumption is avoided
"Maximum health advantage" for postmenopausal women lies between one and two units a day
8-16g
advice on weekly consumption is avoided
Regular consumption of between three and four units a day for men of all ages "will not accrue significant health risk"
24-32g
Regular consumption of between two and three units a day by women of all ages "will not accrue any significant health risk"
16-24g
Consistently drinking four or more units a day is "not advised as a sensible drinking level"
32g+
Consistently drinking three or more units a day is "not advised as a sensible drinking level"
24g+
UNITED STATES Department of Agriculture/ Department of Health and Human Services
14g3
no more than two drinks per day
28g
  no more than one drink per day
14g
 
A standard drink is defined as 12 ounces of regular beer (one bottle); a 5 ounce glass of wine; or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits
Advises: "If you drink alcoholic beverages, do so in moderation, with meals, and when consumption does not put you or others at risk"
Notes: 1 - for a 70Kg man; 2 - for a 56Kg woman; 3 - Wine Institute suggests 12g for wine; *approximate/unofficial figure